【經文資訊】大正新脩大藏經 第十二冊 No. 374《大般涅槃經》CBETA 電子佛典 V1.50 普及版
# Taisho Tripitaka Vol. 12, No. 374 大般涅槃經, CBETA Chinese Electronic Tripitaka V1.50, Normalized Version
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T12n0374_p0396c12║
T12n0374_p0396c13║
T12n0374_p0396c14║大般涅槃經卷第六
T12n0374_p0396c15║
T12n0374_p0396c16║　　　　北涼天竺三藏曇無讖譯
T12n0374_p0396c17║如來性品第四之三
T12n0374_p0396c18║善男子。是大涅槃微妙經中有四種人。能護
T12n0374_p0396c19║正法建立正法憶念正法能多利益。憐愍世
T12n0374_p0396c20║間為世間依安樂人天。何等為四。有人出世
T12n0374_p0396c21║具煩惱性是名第一。須陀洹人。斯陀含人是
T12n0374_p0396c22║名第二。阿那含人是名第三。阿羅漢人是名
T12n0374_p0396c23║第四。是四種人出現於世。能多利益憐愍世
T12n0374_p0396c24║間為世間依安樂人天。
T12n0374_p0396c25║云何名為具煩惱性。若有人能奉持禁戒威
T12n0374_p0396c26║儀具足建立正法。從佛所聞解其文義轉為
T12n0374_p0396c27║他人分別宣說。所謂少欲是道。多欲非道。
T12n0374_p0396c28║廣說如是八大人覺。有犯罪者教令發露懺
T12n0374_p0396c29║悔滅除。善知菩薩方便所行祕密之法。是名
T12n0374_p0397a01║凡夫非第八人。第八人者不名凡夫。名為菩
T12n0374_p0397a02║薩不名為佛。
T12n0374_p0397a03║第二人者名須陀洹斯陀含。若得正法受持
T12n0374_p0397a04║正法從佛聞法。如其所聞聞已書寫受持讀
T12n0374_p0397a05║誦轉為他說。若聞法已不寫不受不持不說。
T12n0374_p0397a06║而言奴婢不淨之物佛聽畜者無有是處。是
T12n0374_p0397a07║名第二人。如是之人未得第二第三住處名
T12n0374_p0397a08║為菩薩已得受記。
T12n0374_p0397a09║第三人者名阿那含。阿那含者誹謗正法。若
T12n0374_p0397a10║言聽畜奴婢僕使不淨之物。受持外道典籍
T12n0374_p0397a11║書論及為客塵煩惱所障。諸舊煩惱之所覆
T12n0374_p0397a12║蓋。若藏如來真實舍利及。為外病之所惱害。
T12n0374_p0397a13║或為四大毒蛇所侵。論說我者悉無是處。若
T12n0374_p0397a14║說無我斯有是處。說著世法無有是處。若說
T12n0374_p0397a15║大乘相續不絕斯有是處。若所受身有八萬
T12n0374_p0397a16║虫亦無是處。永離婬欲乃至夢中不失不淨
T12n0374_p0397a17║斯有是處。臨終之日生怖畏者亦無是處。阿
T12n0374_p0397a18║那含者為何謂也。是人不還如上所說。所有
T12n0374_p0397a19║過患永不能污。往返周旋名為菩薩已得受
T12n0374_p0397a20║記。不久得成阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。是則名
T12n0374_p0397a21║為第三人也。
T12n0374_p0397a22║第四人者名阿羅漢。阿羅漢者斷諸煩惱捨
T12n0374_p0397a23║於重擔。逮得己利所作已辦住第十地得自
T12n0374_p0397a24║在智。隨人所樂種種色像悉能示現。如所莊
T12n0374_p0397a25║嚴欲成佛道即能得成。能成如是無量功德
T12n0374_p0397a26║名阿羅漢。是名四人出現於世能多利益憐
T12n0374_p0397a27║愍世間為世間依安樂人天。於人天中最尊
T12n0374_p0397a28║最勝猶如如來。名人中勝為歸依處。
T12n0374_p0397a29║迦葉白佛言。世尊。我今不依是四種人。何
T12n0374_p0397b01║以故。如瞿師羅經中佛為瞿師羅說。若天魔
T12n0374_p0397b02║梵為欲破壞變為佛像。具足莊嚴三十二相
T12n0374_p0397b03║八十種好圓光一尋。面部圓滿猶月盛明眉
T12n0374_p0397b04║間毫相白踰珂雪。如是莊嚴來向汝者。汝當
T12n0374_p0397b05║撿校定其虛實。既覺知已應當降伏。世尊。魔
T12n0374_p0397b06║等尚能變作佛身況當不能作羅漢等四種之
T12n0374_p0397b07║身。坐臥空中左脅出水右脅出火身出煙炎
T12n0374_p0397b08║猶如火聚。以是因緣我於是中心不生信。或
T12n0374_p0397b09║有所說不能稟受亦無敬念而作依止。佛言
T12n0374_p0397b10║善男子。於我所說若生疑者尚不應受況如
T12n0374_p0397b11║是等。是故應當善分別知是善不善可作不
T12n0374_p0397b12║可作。如是作已長夜受樂。善男子。譬如偷狗
T12n0374_p0397b13║夜入人舍。其家婢使若覺知者即應驅罵汝
T12n0374_p0397b14║疾出去。若不出者當奪汝命。偷狗聞之即
T12n0374_p0397b15║去不還。汝等從今亦應如是降伏波旬。應作
T12n0374_p0397b16║是言波旬汝今不應作如是像。若故作者當
T12n0374_p0397b17║以五繫繫縛於汝。魔聞是已便當還去。如彼
T12n0374_p0397b18║偷狗更不復還。
T12n0374_p0397b19║迦葉白佛言。世尊。如佛為瞿師羅長者說。
T12n0374_p0397b20║若能如是降伏魔者。亦可得近大般涅槃。
T12n0374_p0397b21║如來何必說是四人為依止處。如是四人所
T12n0374_p0397b22║可言說未必可信。佛告迦葉。善男子。如我所
T12n0374_p0397b23║說亦復如是非為不爾。善男子。我為聲聞有
T12n0374_p0397b24║肉眼者說言降魔。不為修學大乘人說。聲聞
T12n0374_p0397b25║之人雖有天眼故名肉眼。學大乘者雖有肉
T12n0374_p0397b26║眼乃名佛眼。何以故。是大乘經名為佛乘。而
T12n0374_p0397b27║此佛乘最上最勝。善男子。譬如有人勇健威
T12n0374_p0397b28║猛有怯弱者常來依附。其勇健人常教怯者。
T12n0374_p0397b29║汝當如是持弓執箭修學槊道長鉤罥索。又
T12n0374_p0397c01║復告言。夫鬥戰者雖如履刃不應生於怖畏
T12n0374_p0397c02║之想。當視人天生輕弱想。應自生心作勇健
T12n0374_p0397c03║想。或時有人素無膽勇詐作健相。執持弓刀
T12n0374_p0397c04║種種器仗以自莊嚴。來至陣中唱呼大喚。汝
T12n0374_p0397c05║於是人亦復不應生於憂怖。如是輩人若見
T12n0374_p0397c06║汝時不怖畏者。當知是人不久散壞如彼偷
T12n0374_p0397c07║狗。善男子。如來亦爾告諸聲聞。汝等不應
T12n0374_p0397c08║畏魔波旬。若魔波旬化作佛身至汝所者。汝
T12n0374_p0397c09║當精勤堅固其心降伏於魔。時魔即當愁憂
T12n0374_p0397c10║不樂復道而去。善男子。如彼健人不從他
T12n0374_p0397c11║習。學大乘者亦復如是。得聞種種深密經典
T12n0374_p0397c12║其心欣樂不生驚怖。何以故。如是修學大乘
T12n0374_p0397c13║之人。已曾供養恭敬禮拜過去無量萬億佛
T12n0374_p0397c14║故。雖有無量億千魔眾欲來侵嬈。於是事中
T12n0374_p0397c15║終不驚畏。善男子。譬如有人得阿竭陀藥不
T12n0374_p0397c16║畏一切毒蛇等。畏是藥力故亦能消除一切
T12n0374_p0397c17║毒等。是大乘經亦復如是。如彼藥力不畏一
T12n0374_p0397c18║切諸魔毒等。亦能降伏令更不起。
T12n0374_p0397c19║復次善男子。譬如有龍性甚妒憋。欲害人
T12n0374_p0397c20║時或以眼視或以氣噓。是故一切師子虎豹
T12n0374_p0397c21║豺狼狗犬皆生怖畏。是等惡獸或聞聲見形
T12n0374_p0397c22║或觸其身無不喪命。有善咒者以咒力故。能
T12n0374_p0397c23║令如是諸惡毒龍金翅鳥等惡象師子虎豹豺
T12n0374_p0397c24║狼。皆悉調善任為御乘。如是等獸見彼善咒
T12n0374_p0397c25║即便調伏。聲聞緣覺亦復如是。見魔波旬皆
T12n0374_p0397c26║生恐怖。而魔波旬亦復不生畏懼之心猶行
T12n0374_p0397c27║魔業。學大乘者亦復如是。見諸聲聞怖畏魔
T12n0374_p0397c28║事於此大乘不生信樂。先以方便降伏諸魔
T12n0374_p0397c29║悉令調善堪任為乘。因為廣說種種妙法。聲
T12n0374_p0398a01║聞緣覺見調魔已不生怖畏。於此大乘無上
T12n0374_p0398a02║正法方生信樂。作如是言我等從今不應於
T12n0374_p0398a03║此正法之中而作障礙。
T12n0374_p0398a04║復次善男子。聲聞緣覺於諸煩惱而生怖畏。
T12n0374_p0398a05║學大乘者都無恐懼。修學大乘有如是力。以
T12n0374_p0398a06║是因緣先所說者。為欲令彼聲聞緣覺調伏
T12n0374_p0398a07║諸魔非為大乘。是大涅槃微妙經典不可消
T12n0374_p0398a08║伏甚奇甚特。若有聞者聞已信受。能信如來
T12n0374_p0398a09║是常住法。如是之人甚為希有如優曇花。我
T12n0374_p0398a10║涅槃後若有得聞如是大乘微妙經典生信
T12n0374_p0398a11║敬心。當知是等於未來世百千億劫不墮惡
T12n0374_p0398a12║道。
T12n0374_p0398a13║爾時佛告迦葉菩薩。善男子。我涅槃後當
T12n0374_p0398a14║有百千無量眾生。誹謗不信是大涅槃微妙
T12n0374_p0398a15║經典。迦葉菩薩復白佛言。世尊。是諸眾生於
T12n0374_p0398a16║佛滅後久近便當誹謗是經。世尊。復有何等
T12n0374_p0398a17║純善眾生。當能拔濟是謗法者。
T12n0374_p0398a18║佛告迦葉。善男子。我般涅槃後四十年中於
T12n0374_p0398a19║閻浮提廣行流布。然後乃當隱沒於地。善男
T12n0374_p0398a20║子。譬如甘蔗稻米石蜜乳酥醍醐隨有之處。
T12n0374_p0398a21║其土人民皆言是味味中第一。或復有人純食
T12n0374_p0398a22║粟米及以稗子。是人亦言我所食者最為第
T12n0374_p0398a23║一。是薄福人受業報故。若是福人耳初不
T12n0374_p0398a24║聞粟稗之名。所食唯是粳糧甘蔗石蜜醍
T12n0374_p0398a25║醐。是大涅槃微妙經典亦復如是。鈍根薄福
T12n0374_p0398a26║不樂聽聞。如彼薄福憎惡粳糧及石蜜等。二
T12n0374_p0398a27║乘之人亦復如是。憎惡無上大涅槃經。或
T12n0374_p0398a28║有眾生其心甘樂聽受是經聞已歡喜不生誹
T12n0374_p0398a29║謗。如彼福人食於稻糧。
T12n0374_p0398b01║善男子。譬如有王居在山中險難惡處。雖
T12n0374_p0398b02║有甘蔗稻糧石蜜以其難得貪惜積聚。不
T12n0374_p0398b03║敢噉食懼其有盡唯食粟稗。有異國王聞之
T12n0374_p0398b04║憐笑。即以車載稻糧甘蔗而送與之。其王
T12n0374_p0398b05║得已即便分張舉國共食。民既食已皆生歡
T12n0374_p0398b06║喜。咸作是言因彼王故令我得是希有之食。
T12n0374_p0398b07║善男子。是四種人亦復如是。為此無上大法
T12n0374_p0398b08║之將。是四種中或有一人見於他方無量菩
T12n0374_p0398b09║薩雖學如是大乘經典若自書寫若令他書。
T12n0374_p0398b10║為利養故為稱譽故為了法故為依止故。為
T12n0374_p0398b11║用博易其餘經故。不能廣為他人宣說。是故
T12n0374_p0398b12║持是微妙經典送至彼方與彼菩薩。令發無
T12n0374_p0398b13║上菩提之心安住菩提。而是菩薩得是經已
T12n0374_p0398b14║即便廣為他人演說令無量眾得受如是大
T12n0374_p0398b15║乘法味。皆悉是此一菩薩力所未聞經悉令得
T12n0374_p0398b16║聞。如彼人民因王力故得希有食。又善男子。
T12n0374_p0398b17║是大涅槃微妙經典所流布處。當知其地即
T12n0374_p0398b18║是金剛。是中諸人亦如金剛。若有能聽如是
T12n0374_p0398b19║經者。即不退轉於阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。隨
T12n0374_p0398b20║其所願悉得成就如我今日所可宣說。汝等
T12n0374_p0398b21║比丘應善受持。若有眾生不能聽聞如是經
T12n0374_p0398b22║典。當知是人甚可憐愍。何以故。是人不能
T12n0374_p0398b23║受持如是大乘經典甚深義故。
T12n0374_p0398b24║迦葉菩薩白佛言。世尊。如來滅後四十年中
T12n0374_p0398b25║是大乘典大涅槃經於閻浮提廣行流布。過
T12n0374_p0398b26║是已後沒於地者。卻後久近復當還出
T12n0374_p0398b27║佛言。善男子。若我正法餘八十年前四十年。
T12n0374_p0398b28║是經復當於閻浮提雨大法雨。
T12n0374_p0398b29║迦葉菩薩復白佛言。世尊。如是經典正法滅
T12n0374_p0398c01║時正戒毀時。非法增長時無如法眾生時。誰
T12n0374_p0398c02║能聽受奉持讀誦。令其通利供養恭敬書寫
T12n0374_p0398c03║解說唯願如來。憐愍眾生分別廣說令諸菩
T12n0374_p0398c04║薩聞已受持。持已即得不退阿耨多羅三藐
T12n0374_p0398c05║三菩提心。
T12n0374_p0398c06║爾時佛讚迦葉。善哉善哉。善男子。汝今善能
T12n0374_p0398c07║問如是義。善男子。若有眾生於熙連河沙等
T12n0374_p0398c08║諸佛所發菩提心。乃能於是惡世受持如是
T12n0374_p0398c09║經典不生誹謗。善男子。若有能於一恒河
T12n0374_p0398c10║沙等諸佛世尊發菩提心。然後乃能於惡世
T12n0374_p0398c11║中不謗是法愛樂是典。不能為人分別廣說。
T12n0374_p0398c12║善男子。若有眾生於二恒河沙等佛所發菩
T12n0374_p0398c13║提心。然後乃能於惡世中不謗是法。正解信
T12n0374_p0398c14║樂受持讀誦亦不能為他人廣說。若有眾生
T12n0374_p0398c15║於三恒河沙等佛所發菩提心。然後乃能於
T12n0374_p0398c16║惡世中不謗是法。受持讀誦書寫經卷雖為
T12n0374_p0398c17║他說未解深義。若有眾生於四恒河沙等佛
T12n0374_p0398c18║所發菩提心。然後乃能於惡世中不謗是法。
T12n0374_p0398c19║受持讀誦書寫經卷為他廣說十六分中一分
T12n0374_p0398c20║之義。雖復演說亦不具足。若有眾生於五恒
T12n0374_p0398c21║河沙等佛所發菩提心。然後乃能於惡世中不
T12n0374_p0398c22║謗是法。受持讀誦書寫經卷廣為人說十六分
T12n0374_p0398c23║中八分之義。若有眾生於六恒河沙等佛所
T12n0374_p0398c24║發菩提心。然後乃能於惡世中不謗是法。受
T12n0374_p0398c25║持讀誦書寫經卷為他廣說十六分中十二分
T12n0374_p0398c26║義。若有眾生於七恒河沙等佛所發菩提心。
T12n0374_p0398c27║然後乃能於惡世中不謗是法。受持讀誦書
T12n0374_p0398c28║寫經卷為他廣說十六分中十四分義。若有
T12n0374_p0398c29║眾生於八恒河沙等佛所發菩提心。然後乃
T12n0374_p0399a01║能於惡世中不謗是法。受持讀誦書寫經卷亦
T12n0374_p0399a02║勸他人令得書寫。自能聽受復勸他人令得
T12n0374_p0399a03║聽受讀誦通利。擁護堅持憐愍世間諸眾生
T12n0374_p0399a04║故供養是經。亦勸他人令其供養恭敬尊重
T12n0374_p0399a05║讀誦禮拜亦復如是。具足能解盡其義味。所
T12n0374_p0399a06║謂如來常住不變畢竟安樂。廣說眾生悉有
T12n0374_p0399a07║佛性。善知如來所有法藏。供養如是諸佛等
T12n0374_p0399a08║已。建立如是無上正法受持擁護。若有始發
T12n0374_p0399a09║阿耨多羅三藐三菩提心。當知是人未來之
T12n0374_p0399a10║世必能建立如是正法受持擁護。是故汝今
T12n0374_p0399a11║不應不知未來世中護法之人。何以故。是發
T12n0374_p0399a12║心者於未來世必能護持無上正法。善男子。
T12n0374_p0399a13║有惡比丘聞我涅槃不生憂愁。今日如來入般
T12n0374_p0399a14║涅槃何期快哉。如來在世遮我等利今入
T12n0374_p0399a15║般涅槃誰復當有遮奪我者。若無遮奪我則
T12n0374_p0399a16║還得如來利養。如來在世禁戒嚴峻今入涅
T12n0374_p0399a17║槃悉當放捨。所受袈裟本為法式今當廢壞
T12n0374_p0399a18║如木頭幡。如是等人誹謗拒逆是大乘經。善
T12n0374_p0399a19║男子。汝今應當如是憶持。若有眾生成就具
T12n0374_p0399a20║足無量功德。乃能信是大乘經典信已受持。
T12n0374_p0399a21║其餘眾生有樂法者。若能廣為解說此經。其
T12n0374_p0399a22║人聞已過去無量阿僧祇劫所作惡業皆悉除
T12n0374_p0399a23║滅。若有不信是經典者。現身當為無量病苦
T12n0374_p0399a24║之所惱害。多為眾人所見罵辱。命終之後人
T12n0374_p0399a25║所輕賤顏貌醜陋。資生艱難常不供足雖復少
T12n0374_p0399a26║得麤澀弊惡。生生常處貧窮下賤誹謗正法
T12n0374_p0399a27║邪見之家。若臨終時或值荒亂刀兵競起。帝
T12n0374_p0399a28║王暴虐怨家讎隙之所侵逼。雖有善友而不
T12n0374_p0399a29║遭遇。資生所須求不能得。雖少得利常患飢
T12n0374_p0399b01║渴。唯為凡下之所顧識。國王大臣悉不齒錄。
T12n0374_p0399b02║設復聞其有所宣說正使是理終不信受。如
T12n0374_p0399b03║是之人不至善處。如折翼鳥不能飛行。是人
T12n0374_p0399b04║亦爾於未來世不能得至人天善處。若復有
T12n0374_p0399b05║人能信如是大乘經典。本所受形雖復麤陋。
T12n0374_p0399b06║以經功德即便端正威顏色力日更增多。常
T12n0374_p0399b07║為人天之所樂見。恭敬愛戀情無捨離。國王
T12n0374_p0399b08║大臣及家親屬聞其所說悉皆敬信。若我聲
T12n0374_p0399b09║聞弟子之中欲行第一希有事者。當為世間
T12n0374_p0399b10║廣宣如是大乘經典。
T12n0374_p0399b11║善男子。譬如霧露勢雖欲住不過日出。日既
T12n0374_p0399b12║出已消滅無餘。善男子。是諸眾生所有惡業
T12n0374_p0399b13║亦復如是。住世勢力不過得見大涅槃日。是
T12n0374_p0399b14║日既出悉能除滅一切惡業。
T12n0374_p0399b15║復次善男子。譬如有人出家剃髮雖服袈裟。
T12n0374_p0399b16║故未得受沙彌十戒。或有長者來請眾僧。未
T12n0374_p0399b17║受戒者即與大眾俱共受請。雖未受戒已墮
T12n0374_p0399b18║僧數。善男子。若有眾生發心始學是大乘典
T12n0374_p0399b19║大涅槃經。書持讀誦亦復如是。雖未具足位
T12n0374_p0399b20║階十住則已墮於十住數中。或有眾生是佛
T12n0374_p0399b21║弟子或非弟子。若因貪怖或因利養聽受是
T12n0374_p0399b22║經乃至一偈。聞已不謗當知是人則為已近
T12n0374_p0399b23║阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。善男子。以是因緣我
T12n0374_p0399b24║說四人為世間依。善男子。如是四人若以佛
T12n0374_p0399b25║說言非佛說無有是處。是故我說如是四人
T12n0374_p0399b26║為世間依。善男子。汝應供養如是四人。世
T12n0374_p0399b27║尊。我當云何識知是人而為供養。
T12n0374_p0399b28║佛告迦葉。若有建立護持正法。如是之人應
T12n0374_p0399b29║從啟請當捨身命而供養之。如我於是大乘
T12n0374_p0399c01║經說。
T12n0374_p0399c02║　有知法者　　若老若少　　故應供養
T12n0374_p0399c03║　恭敬禮拜　　猶如事火　　婆羅門等
T12n0374_p0399c04║　有知法者　　若老若少　　故應供養
T12n0374_p0399c05║　恭敬禮拜　　亦如諸天　　奉事帝釋
T12n0374_p0399c06║迦葉菩薩白佛言。世尊。如佛所說供養師長
T12n0374_p0399c07║正應如是。今有所疑唯願廣說。若有長宿護
T12n0374_p0399c08║持禁戒。從年少邊諮受未聞云何是人當禮
T12n0374_p0399c09║敬不。若當禮敬是則不名為持戒也。若是年
T12n0374_p0399c10║少護持禁戒。從諸宿舊破戒人邊諮受未聞復
T12n0374_p0399c11║應禮不。若出家人從在家人諮受未聞復當
T12n0374_p0399c12║禮不。然出家人不應禮敬在家人也。然佛法
T12n0374_p0399c13║中年少幼小應當恭敬耆舊長宿。以是長宿
T12n0374_p0399c14║先受具戒成就威儀。是故應當供養恭敬。如
T12n0374_p0399c15║佛言曰其破戒者。是佛法中所不容受。猶如
T12n0374_p0399c16║良田多有稊稗。又如佛說有知法者。若老若
T12n0374_p0399c17║少故應供養如事帝釋。如是二句其義云何。
T12n0374_p0399c18║將非如來虛妄說耶。如佛言曰持戒比丘亦
T12n0374_p0399c19║有所犯。何故如來而作是說。世尊。亦於餘
T12n0374_p0399c20║經中說聽治破戒。如是所說其義未了。佛告
T12n0374_p0399c21║迦葉。善男子。我為未來諸菩薩等學大乘者
T12n0374_p0399c22║說如是偈。不為聲聞弟子說也。善男子。如我
T12n0374_p0399c23║先說正法滅已毀正戒時增長破戒。非法盛時
T12n0374_p0399c24║一切聖人隱不現時。受畜奴婢不淨物時。是
T12n0374_p0399c25║四人中當有一人出現於世。剃除鬚髮出家
T12n0374_p0399c26║修道。見諸比丘各各受畜奴婢僕使不淨之
T12n0374_p0399c27║物。淨與不淨一切不知。是律非律亦復不識。
T12n0374_p0399c28║是人為欲調伏如是諸比丘故。與共和光不
T12n0374_p0399c29║同其塵。自所行處及佛行處善能別知。雖見
T12n0374_p0400a01║諸人犯波羅夷默然不舉。何以故。我出於世
T12n0374_p0400a02║為欲建立護持正法。是故默然而不舉處。善
T12n0374_p0400a03║男子。如是之人為護法故雖有所犯不名破
T12n0374_p0400a04║戒。
T12n0374_p0400a05║善男子。如有國王遇病崩亡。儲君稚小未任
T12n0374_p0400a06║紹繼。有旃陀羅豐饒財寶巨富無量多有眷
T12n0374_p0400a07║屬。自以強力伺國虛弱篡居王位治化未久。
T12n0374_p0400a08║國人居士婆羅門等亡叛逃走遠投他國。雖
T12n0374_p0400a09║有在者乃至不欲眼見是王。或有長者婆羅
T12n0374_p0400a10║門等不離本土。譬如諸樹隨其生處即是中
T12n0374_p0400a11║死。旃陀羅王知其國人逃叛者眾尋即還。遣
T12n0374_p0400a12║諸旃陀羅守邏諸道。復於七日擊鼓唱令諸
T12n0374_p0400a13║婆羅門。有能為我作灌頂師者。當以半國而
T12n0374_p0400a14║為爵賞。諸婆羅門聞是語已悉無來者各作
T12n0374_p0400a15║是言。何處當有婆羅門種作如是事。旃陀羅
T12n0374_p0400a16║王復作是言。婆羅門中若無一人為我師者。
T12n0374_p0400a17║我要當令諸婆羅門與旃陀羅共住食宿同其
T12n0374_p0400a18║事業。若有能來灌我頂者。半國之封此言不
T12n0374_p0400a19║虛。咒術所致三十三天上妙甘露不死之藥。
T12n0374_p0400a20║亦當共分而服食之。
T12n0374_p0400a21║爾時有一婆羅門子。年在弱冠修治淨行長
T12n0374_p0400a22║髮為相善知咒術。往至王所白言。大王。王所
T12n0374_p0400a23║敕使我悉能為。爾時大王心生歡喜。受此童
T12n0374_p0400a24║子作灌頂師。諸婆羅門聞是事已。皆生瞋恚
T12n0374_p0400a25║責此童子。汝婆羅門。云何乃作旃陀羅師。
T12n0374_p0400a26║爾時其王即分半國與是童子。因共治國經
T12n0374_p0400a27║歷多時。爾時童子語其王言。我捨家法來作
T12n0374_p0400a28║王師。然教大王微密咒術。而今大王猶不見
T12n0374_p0400a29║親。時王答言。我今云何不親汝耶。童子答
T12n0374_p0400b01║言。先王所有不死之藥猶未共食。王言善哉
T12n0374_p0400b02║善哉大師。我實不知師若須者唯願持去。是
T12n0374_p0400b03║時童子聞王語已。即取歸家請諸大臣而共
T12n0374_p0400b04║食之。諸臣食已即共白王。快哉大師。有是甘
T12n0374_p0400b05║露不死之藥。王既知已語其師言。云何大師。
T12n0374_p0400b06║獨與諸臣服食甘露而不見分。爾時童子更
T12n0374_p0400b07║以其餘雜毒之藥與王令服。王既服已須臾
T12n0374_p0400b08║藥發。悶亂躄地無所覺知猶如死人。爾時童
T12n0374_p0400b09║子立本儲君還以為王。作如是言。師子御座
T12n0374_p0400b10║法不應令旃陀羅昇。我從昔來未曾聞見旃
T12n0374_p0400b11║陀羅種而為王也。若旃陀羅治國理民無有
T12n0374_p0400b12║是處。汝今應還紹繼先王正法治國。爾時
T12n0374_p0400b13║童子經理是已。復以解藥與旃陀羅令其醒
T12n0374_p0400b14║寤。既醒寤已驅令出國。是時童子雖為是
T12n0374_p0400b15║事猶故不失婆羅門法。其餘居士婆羅門等
T12n0374_p0400b16║聞其所作歎未曾有。讚言善哉善哉仁者。
T12n0374_p0400b17║善能驅遣旃陀羅王。善男子。我涅槃後護
T12n0374_p0400b18║持正法諸菩薩等亦復如是。以方便力與彼
T12n0374_p0400b19║破戒假名。受畜一切不淨物僧同其事業。爾
T12n0374_p0400b20║時菩薩若見有人雖多犯戒能治毀禁諸惡比
T12n0374_p0400b21║丘。即往其所恭敬禮拜四事供養。經書什物
T12n0374_p0400b22║悉以奉上。如其自無要當方便從諸檀越求
T12n0374_p0400b23║覓而與。為是事故應畜八種不淨之物。何以
T12n0374_p0400b24║故。是人為治諸惡比丘。如彼童子驅旃陀羅。
T12n0374_p0400b25║爾時菩薩雖復恭敬禮拜是人受畜八種不
T12n0374_p0400b26║淨之物。悉無有罪。何以故。以是菩薩為欲
T12n0374_p0400b27║擯治諸惡比丘。令清淨僧得安隱住。流布方
T12n0374_p0400b28║等大乘經典利益一切諸天人故。善男子。以
T12n0374_p0400b29║是因緣我於經中說是二偈。令諸菩薩皆共
T12n0374_p0400c01║讚嘆護法之人。如彼居士婆羅門等稱讚童
T12n0374_p0400c02║子善哉善哉。護法菩薩正應如是。若有人見
T12n0374_p0400c03║護法之人與破戒者同其事業說有罪者。當
T12n0374_p0400c04║知其人自受其殃。是護法者實無有罪。善
T12n0374_p0400c05║男子。若有比丘犯禁戒已。憍慢心故覆藏不
T12n0374_p0400c06║悔。當知是人名真破戒。菩薩摩訶薩為護法
T12n0374_p0400c07║故雖有所犯不名破戒。何以故。以無憍慢發
T12n0374_p0400c08║露悔故。善男子。是故我於經中覆相說如是
T12n0374_p0400c09║偈。
T12n0374_p0400c10║　有知法者　　若老若少　　故應供養
T12n0374_p0400c11║　恭敬禮拜　　猶如事火　　婆羅門等
T12n0374_p0400c12║　如第二天　　奉事帝釋
T12n0374_p0400c13║以是因緣我亦不為學聲聞人。但為菩薩而
T12n0374_p0400c14║說是偈。
T12n0374_p0400c15║迦葉菩薩白佛言。世尊。如是等菩薩摩訶薩
T12n0374_p0400c16║於戒極緩。本所受戒為具在不。佛言善男子。
T12n0374_p0400c17║汝今不應作如是說。何以故。本所受戒如本
T12n0374_p0400c18║不失。設有所犯即應懺悔悔已清淨。善男子。
T12n0374_p0400c19║如故堤塘穿穴有孔水則淋漏。何以故。無
T12n0374_p0400c20║人治故。若有人治水則不出。菩薩亦爾。雖
T12n0374_p0400c21║與破戒共作布薩受戒自恣同其僧事。所有
T12n0374_p0400c22║戒律不如堤塘穿穴淋漏。何以故。若無
T12n0374_p0400c23║清淨持戒之人僧。則損減慢緩懈怠日有增
T12n0374_p0400c24║長。若有清淨持戒之人。即能具足不失本戒。
T12n0374_p0400c25║善男子。於乘緩者乃名為緩。於戒緩者不名
T12n0374_p0400c26║為緩。菩薩摩訶薩於此大乘心不懈慢是名
T12n0374_p0400c27║本戒。為護正法以大乘水而自澡浴。是故
T12n0374_p0400c28║菩薩雖現破戒不名為緩。迦葉菩薩白佛言。
T12n0374_p0400c29║眾僧之中有四種人。如菴羅果生熟難知。破
T12n0374_p0401a01║戒持戒云何可識。
T12n0374_p0401a02║佛言善男子。因大涅槃微妙經典則易可知。
T12n0374_p0401a03║云何因是大涅槃經可得知耶。譬如田夫種
T12n0374_p0401a04║稻穀等芸除稗[禾*秀]。以肉眼觀名為淨田。至
T12n0374_p0401a05║其成實草穀各異。如是八事能污染僧若能
T12n0374_p0401a06║除卻。以肉眼觀則知清淨。若有持戒破戒不
T12n0374_p0401a07║作惡時。以肉眼觀難可分別。若惡彰露則易
T12n0374_p0401a08║可知。如彼稗[禾*秀]易可分別。僧中亦爾若能遠
T12n0374_p0401a09║離於八不淨毒蛇之法是名清淨。聖眾福田
T12n0374_p0401a10║應為人天之所供養。清淨果報非是肉眼所
T12n0374_p0401a11║能分別。復次善男子。如迦羅迦林其樹眾多。
T12n0374_p0401a12║於是林中唯有一樹名鎮頭迦。是迦羅迦樹
T12n0374_p0401a13║鎮頭迦樹。二果相似不可分別。其果熟時有
T12n0374_p0401a14║一女人悉皆拾取。鎮頭迦果纔有一分。迦
T12n0374_p0401a15║羅迦果乃有十分。是女不識齎來詣市而衒
T12n0374_p0401a16║賣之。凡愚小兒復不別故。買迦羅迦果噉已
T12n0374_p0401a17║命終。有智人輩聞是事已即問女人。姊於何
T12n0374_p0401a18║處持是果來。是時女人即示方所。諸人即言。
T12n0374_p0401a19║如是方所多有無量迦羅迦樹。唯有一根鎮
T12n0374_p0401a20║頭迦樹。諸人知已笑而捨去。善男子。大眾
T12n0374_p0401a21║之中八不淨法亦復如是。於是眾中多有受
T12n0374_p0401a22║用如是八法。唯有一人清淨持戒。不受如是
T12n0374_p0401a23║八不淨法。而知諸人受畜非法。然與同事不
T12n0374_p0401a24║相捨離。如彼林中一鎮頭迦樹。有優婆塞
T12n0374_p0401a25║見是諸人多有非法。併不恭敬供養是人。
T12n0374_p0401a26║若欲供養應先問言。大德。如是八事為受
T12n0374_p0401a27║畜不。佛所聽不。若言佛聽。如是之人得共
T12n0374_p0401a28║布薩羯磨自恣不。是優婆塞如是問已。眾皆
T12n0374_p0401a29║答言。如是八事如來憐愍皆悉聽畜。優婆塞
T12n0374_p0401b01║言。祇洹精舍有諸比丘或言金銀佛所聽畜。
T12n0374_p0401b02║或言不聽有言聽者。是不聽者不與共住說
T12n0374_p0401b03║戒自恣。乃至不共一河飲水。利養之物悉不
T12n0374_p0401b04║共之。汝等云何言佛聽許。佛天中天雖復
T12n0374_p0401b05║受之。汝等眾僧亦不應畜。若有受者乃至
T12n0374_p0401b06║不應與共說戒自恣羯磨同其僧事。若共說
T12n0374_p0401b07║戒自恣羯磨同僧事者。命終即當墮於地獄。
T12n0374_p0401b08║如彼諸人食迦羅果已而便命終。
T12n0374_p0401b09║復次善男子。譬如城市有賣藥人。有妙甘藥
T12n0374_p0401b10║出於雪山。亦復多賣其餘雜藥昧甘相似。時
T12n0374_p0401b11║有諸人咸皆欲買然不識別。至賣藥所問言。
T12n0374_p0401b12║汝有雪山藥不。其賣藥人即答言有。是人欺
T12n0374_p0401b13║詐以餘雜藥語買者言。此是雪山甘好妙藥。
T12n0374_p0401b14║時買藥者以肉眼故。不能善別即買持去。
T12n0374_p0401b15║復作是念我今已得雪山甘藥。迦葉。若聲聞
T12n0374_p0401b16║僧中有假名僧有真實僧。有和合僧若持戒
T12n0374_p0401b17║破戒。於是眾中等應供養恭敬禮拜。是優婆
T12n0374_p0401b18║塞以肉眼故不能分別。喻如彼人不能分別
T12n0374_p0401b19║雪山甘藥。誰是持戒誰是破戒誰是真僧誰
T12n0374_p0401b20║是假僧。有天眼者乃能分別。迦葉。若優婆
T12n0374_p0401b21║塞知是比丘是破戒人不應給施禮拜供養。
T12n0374_p0401b22║若知是人受畜八法亦復不應給施所須禮拜
T12n0374_p0401b23║供養。若於僧中有破戒者。不應以被袈裟
T12n0374_p0401b24║因緣恭敬禮拜。
T12n0374_p0401b25║迦葉菩薩復白佛言。世尊。善哉善哉。如來
T12n0374_p0401b26║所說真實不虛我當頂受。譬如金剛珍寶異
T12n0374_p0401b27║物。如佛所說是諸比丘當依四法。何等為四。
T12n0374_p0401b28║依法不依人。依義不依語。依智不依識。依
T12n0374_p0401b29║了義經不依不了義經。如是四法應當證知
T12n0374_p0401c01║非四種人。
T12n0374_p0401c02║佛言善男子。依法者。即是如來大般涅槃。
T12n0374_p0401c03║一切佛法即是法性。是法性者即是如來。是
T12n0374_p0401c04║故如來常住不變。若復有言如來無常。是人
T12n0374_p0401c05║不知不見法性。若不知見是法性者不應依
T12n0374_p0401c06║止。如上所說四人出世護持法者。應當證
T12n0374_p0401c07║知而為依止。何以故。是人善解如來微密深
T12n0374_p0401c08║奧藏故。能知如來常住不變。若言如來無常
T12n0374_p0401c09║變易無有是處。如是四人即名如來。何以故。
T12n0374_p0401c10║是人能解如來密語及能說故。若有人能了
T12n0374_p0401c11║知如來甚深密藏。及知如來常住不變。如是
T12n0374_p0401c12║之人若為利養說言如來是無常者無有是
T12n0374_p0401c13║處。如是之人尚可依止。何況不依是四人也。
T12n0374_p0401c14║依法者即是法性。不依人者即是聲聞。法性
T12n0374_p0401c15║者即是如來。聲聞者即是有為。如來者。即
T12n0374_p0401c16║是常住。有為者即是無常。善男子。若人破
T12n0374_p0401c17║戒為利養故。說言如來無常變易。如是之人
T12n0374_p0401c18║所不應依。善男子。是名定義。
T12n0374_p0401c19║依義不依語者。義者名曰覺了。覺了義者
T12n0374_p0401c20║名不羸劣。不羸劣者名曰滿足。滿足義者。
T12n0374_p0401c21║名曰如來常住不變。如來常住不變義者即
T12n0374_p0401c22║是法常。法常義者即是僧常。是名依義不依
T12n0374_p0401c23║語也。何等語言所不應依。所謂諸論綺飾文
T12n0374_p0401c24║辭。如佛所說無量諸經。貪求無厭多姦諛
T12n0374_p0401c25║諂。詐現親附現相求利。經理白衣為其執役。
T12n0374_p0401c26║又復唱言。佛聽比丘畜諸奴婢不淨之物。金
T12n0374_p0401c27║銀珍寶穀米倉庫牛羊象馬。販賣求利於飢
T12n0374_p0401c28║饉世憐愍子故。聽諸比丘儲貯陳宿手自作
T12n0374_p0401c29║食不受而噉。如是等語所不應依。
T12n0374_p0402a01║依智不依識者。所言智者即是如來。若有聲
T12n0374_p0402a02║聞不能善知如來功德。如是之識不應依止。
T12n0374_p0402a03║若知如來即是法身。如是真智所應依止。若
T12n0374_p0402a04║見如來方便之身。言是陰界諸入所攝食所
T12n0374_p0402a05║長養亦不應依。是故知識不可依止。若復有
T12n0374_p0402a06║人作是說者。及其經書亦不應依。依了義經
T12n0374_p0402a07║不依不了義經。不了義經者。謂聲聞乘。聞
T12n0374_p0402a08║佛如來深密藏處悉生疑怪。不知是藏出大
T12n0374_p0402a09║智海。猶如嬰兒無所別知。是則名為不了義
T12n0374_p0402a10║也。
T12n0374_p0402a11║了義者名為菩薩。真實智慧隨於自心。無礙
T12n0374_p0402a12║大智猶如大人無所不知。是名了義。又聲聞
T12n0374_p0402a13║乘名不了義。無上大乘乃名了義。若言如來
T12n0374_p0402a14║無常變易名不了義。若言如來常住不變是
T12n0374_p0402a15║名了義。聲聞所說應證知者名不了義。菩薩
T12n0374_p0402a16║所說應證知者名為了義。若言如來食所長
T12n0374_p0402a17║養是不了義。若言常住不變易者是名了義。
T12n0374_p0402a18║若言如來入於涅槃如薪盡火滅名不了義。
T12n0374_p0402a19║若言如來入法性者是名了義。聲聞乘法則
T12n0374_p0402a20║不應依。何以故。如來為欲度眾生故。以方
T12n0374_p0402a21║便力說聲聞乘。猶如長者教子半字。善男子。
T12n0374_p0402a22║聲聞乘者猶如初耕未得果實。如是名為不
T12n0374_p0402a23║了義也。是故不應依聲聞乘。大乘之法則應
T12n0374_p0402a24║依止。何以故。如來為欲度眾生故。以方便
T12n0374_p0402a25║力說於大乘是故應依。是名了義。如是四依
T12n0374_p0402a26║應當證知。
T12n0374_p0402a27║復次依義者。義名質直。質直者名曰光明。
T12n0374_p0402a28║光明者名不羸劣。不羸劣者名曰如來。又光
T12n0374_p0402a29║明者名為智慧。質直者名為常住。
T12n0374_p0402b01║如來常者名為依法。法者名常亦名無邊。不
T12n0374_p0402b02║可思議不可執持不可繫縛而亦可見。若有
T12n0374_p0402b03║說言不可見者。如是之人所不應依。是故依
T12n0374_p0402b04║法不依於人。若有人以微妙之語宣說無常。
T12n0374_p0402b05║如是之言所不應依。是故依義不依於語。依
T12n0374_p0402b06║智者。眾僧是常無為不變。不畜八種不淨之
T12n0374_p0402b07║物。是故依智不依於識。若有說言識作識受
T12n0374_p0402b08║無和合僧。何以故。夫和合者名無所有。無
T12n0374_p0402b09║所有者云何言常。是故此識不可依止
T12n0374_p0402b10║依了義者。了義者名為知足。終不詐現威儀
T12n0374_p0402b11║清白。憍慢自高貪求利養。亦於如來隨宜方
T12n0374_p0402b12║便所說法中不生執著。是名了義。若有能住
T12n0374_p0402b13║如是等中。當知是人則為已得住第一義。是
T12n0374_p0402b14║故名為依了義經。
T12n0374_p0402b15║不依不了義。不了義者如經中說。一切燒
T12n0374_p0402b16║燃一切無常一切皆苦一切皆空一切無我。
T12n0374_p0402b17║是名不了義。何以故。以不能了如是義故。
T12n0374_p0402b18║令諸眾生墮阿鼻獄。所以者何。以取著故於
T12n0374_p0402b19║義不了。一切燒者謂如來說涅槃亦燒。一切
T12n0374_p0402b20║無常者涅槃亦無常。苦空無我亦復如是。是
T12n0374_p0402b21║故名為不了義經不應依止。善男子。若有人
T12n0374_p0402b22║言如來憐愍一切眾生善知時宜。以知時故
T12n0374_p0402b23║說輕為重說重為輕。如來觀知所有弟子有
T12n0374_p0402b24║諸檀越供給所須令無所乏。如是之人佛則
T12n0374_p0402b25║不聽受畜奴婢金銀財寶販賣市易不淨物
T12n0374_p0402b26║等。若諸弟子無有檀越供給所須。時世飢饉
T12n0374_p0402b27║飲食難得。為欲建立護持正法。我聽弟子受
T12n0374_p0402b28║畜奴婢金銀車乘田宅穀米賣易所須。雖聽
T12n0374_p0402b29║受畜如是等物要當淨施篤信檀越。如是四
T12n0374_p0402c01║法所應依止。若有戒律阿毘曇修多羅。不違
T12n0374_p0402c02║是四亦應依止。若有說言有時非時有能護
T12n0374_p0402c03║法。不能護法。如來悉聽一切比丘受畜如是
T12n0374_p0402c04║不淨物者。如是之言不應依止。若有戒律阿
T12n0374_p0402c05║毘曇修多羅中有同是說。如是三分亦不應
T12n0374_p0402c06║依。我為肉眼諸眾生等說是四依。終不為於
T12n0374_p0402c07║有慧眼者。是故我今說是四依。法者即是法
T12n0374_p0402c08║性。義者即是如來常住不變。智者了知一
T12n0374_p0402c09║切眾生悉有佛性。了義者了達一切大乘經
T12n0374_p0402c10║典。
T12n0374_p0402c11║大般涅槃經卷第六